As a core device in the metal processing field, the hydraulic bending machine achieves high - precision bending and forming of metal sheets through hydraulic drive and is widely used in industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, and household appliance production. Its core technology relies on the power output and precise control of the hydraulic system. Combined with mold design, it can efficiently meet the processing requirements for complex shapes.

 

I. Core Structure and Technological Upgrades of Hydraulic Bending Machines

1. Main Frame and Mobile Design: It adopts an all - steel welded structure to ensure overall rigidity and compressive strength. Some advanced models are equipped with movable wheel sets at the bottom, which facilitates flexible adjustment of the working position to meet the processing needs of different scenarios in the workshop.

2. Optimization of the Hydraulic System: Modern hydraulic systems are equipped with high - precision control valves and hydraulic pumps. Through real - time adjustment of the oil pressure and flow, dynamic control of the bending force is achieved. For example, the latest technical solution can fine - tune the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder through the control valve to ensure stable pressure during the bending process and improve the consistency of forming.

3. Innovation in Mold Technology: Bending molds are divided into upper and lower modules. Some models support a quick - change mold design. For special shape requirements, molds with acute angles, no indentation, or pre - bending functions can be customized to meet the processing accuracy of complex workpieces.

4. Intelligent Control System: The numerical control system integrates an angle sensor and a pressure feedback module, which supports parameter presetting and real - time calibration. Semi - automatic models introduce a workpiece ejection device. After bending is completed, the workpiece is automatically separated from the upper mold, reducing manual intervention and improving safety.

 

II. Working Principle and Operation Process

1. Preparation Stage: Adjust the back gauge device to position the sheet to the predetermined bending line. Set the bending angle, pressure, and stroke parameters through the numerical control panel.

2. Pressurization and Forming: The hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic cylinder to push the upper mold down, causing the sheet to undergo plastic deformation between the upper and lower molds. Some systems use torsion shaft synchronization or electro - hydraulic synchronization technology to ensure the consistency of the actions of the left and right hydraulic cylinders and prevent sheet offset.

3. Return and Material Collection: After bending is completed, the hydraulic cylinder moves in the reverse direction to reset the upper mold. The ejection device is used to automatically separate the workpiece, preventing the sheet from jamming.

 

III. Equipment Advantages and Technological Breakthroughs

1. High - Precision Forming: Through the cooperation of the numerical control system and the high - rigidity structure, the bending angle error can be controlled within ±0.5°, which is suitable for precision machining scenarios such as aerospace components.

2. High - Efficiency Power: The hydraulic system provides a bending force of 200 - 5000 tons and can process metal sheets with a thickness of 0.5 - 30 mm to meet the forming requirements of high - strength alloy materials.

3. Safety and Convenience: Semi - automatic models integrate protective gratings and emergency stop devices to reduce operation risks. The mobile wheel set design improves the mobility of the equipment, making it suitable for multi - station cooperation.

4. Optimization of Maintenance Costs: The modular - designed hydraulic system supports rapid maintenance. Regular cleaning of the oil circuit and replacement of seals can extend the service life of the equipment.

 

IV. Application Fields and Selection Suggestions

The demand for hydraulic bending machines in fields such as new energy vehicle battery casings and building curtain wall skeletons has increased significantly. When selecting a machine, the following parameters should be focused on:

- Processing Range: Select a model with a suitable tonnage according to the maximum length and thickness of the sheet.

- Mold Compatibility: Prioritize equipment that supports standardized mold interfaces to reduce the cost of purchasing accessories.

- Energy Efficiency Ratio: Models with a servo - hydraulic system can reduce energy consumption by more than 30% and are suitable for long - term continuous processing environments.

 

V. Key Points of Safe Operation and Maintenance

1. Operation Specifications: Operators need to receive systematic training. Overloading the equipment or modifying pressure parameters without permission is prohibited.

2. Daily Maintenance: Replace the hydraulic oil and clean the filter element every 500 hours. Check the sealing of the oil cylinder and the wear of the mold.

3. Fault Response: If the bending accuracy decreases, first calibrate the back gauge positioning or check the pressure stability of the hydraulic system.

 

The technological innovation of hydraulic bending machines continuously promotes the metal processing industry to develop in the direction of automation and high precision. Through reasonable selection and standardized operation, enterprises can significantly improve production efficiency and product quality to meet the diverse needs of the industrial manufacturing field.